Americas · Northern America

Canada

69 cities in the atlas · 137 airports with scheduled flights

Plan a trip to Canada Ask our visa desk

Nahanni National Park Reserve · Photo: Paul Gierszewski · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Capital: Ottawa
Currency: CAD; Canadian Dollar
Local time: Eastern Daylight TimeUTC-04:00; 10 more
Calling code: +1
Driving: On the right
Plugs: Type A and B

Facts

Canada in figures

From named datasets: GeoNames, CLDR, the World Bank and Wikidata. Each is credited at the foot of the page.

Capital: Ottawa
Currency: Canadian Dollar CADToday's indicative rate: CAD 1 ≈ USD 0.705Indicative, from the day's reference rates; a bank or card will charge its own.
Languages: Official: English and FrenchOfficial in part of the country: Inuktitut, Plains Cree, Chipewyan, Slave, Dogrib and GwichʼinSpoken: English, French and Inuktitut
Time zones: Mountain Standard TimeUTC-07:00Yukon TimeUTC-07:00Pacific Daylight TimeUTC-07:00Mountain Daylight TimeUTC-06:00Central Standard TimeUTC-06:00Eastern Standard TimeUTC-05:00Central Daylight TimeUTC-05:00Atlantic Standard TimeUTC-04:00Eastern Daylight TimeUTC-04:00Atlantic Daylight TimeUTC-03:00Newfoundland Daylight TimeUTC-02:30
Calling code: +1
Driving: On the right
Plugs: Type A and B120 V · 60 HzAs recorded in Wikidata.
Emergency numbers: 911general emergencyAs recorded in Wikidata. Check them locally on arrival; they are not the only safety information you need.
Population: 41,651,653 (2025, World Bank)
Area: 9,984,670 km²
Internet domain: .ca
Land borders: United States

When to go

Climate across Canada

In June to September, more than half of the 28 cities with figures in Canada have a mean high between 18°C and 32°C and under 150 mm of rain.

Mild to warm and dry
Mild to warm, humid or showery
Hot
Cool
Wet
Cold

The main cities, month by month
City	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sept	Oct	Nov	Dec
Ottawa	-6°	-5°	2°	11°	19°	23°	26°	25°	21°	13°	5°	-3°
Toronto	0°	0°	4°	9°	15°	21°	25°	25°	21°	14°	8°	3°
Montreal	-6°	-4°	2°	11°	19°	23°	27°	26°	22°	13°	5°	-2°
Vancouver	6°	7°	9°	12°	16°	18°	22°	22°	18°	13°	9°	6°
Québec	-9°	-7°	-2°	6°	15°	20°	23°	22°	18°	10°	2°	-5°
Calgary	-3°	-2°	3°	9°	15°	19°	24°	22°	17°	9°	1°	-4°
Edmonton	-6°	-5°	1°	10°	17°	20°	24°	23°	17°	9°	0°	-6°
Winnipeg	-12°	-10°	0°	10°	18°	24°	27°	26°	20°	10°	0°	-9°
Victoria	7°	7°	9°	12°	15°	17°	21°	21°	18°	13°	9°	7°
St. John's	0°	0°	0°	3°	6°	10°	16°	18°	15°	10°	6°	2°
Cities good for going, of 28	0	0	0	0	13	23	26	27	23	0	0	0

Mean daily highs, modelled for an area about 50 km across: NASA POWER climatology, 2001–2020. A cell's swatch says what the month is like (key above).

On the map

Where Canada is

The dashed box is the extent of the country's main landmass, from Natural Earth; outlying islands fall outside it. The dots are the cities with pages of their own.

Land borders

United States

Cities

Cities in Canada

All 69 places in the atlas: capitals, cities of 300,000 people or more, the places its airports serve, and the ones we have written guides to.

Smaller places with an airport · 41

Airports

Airports in Canada

Airports with scheduled flights and an IATA code, from OurAirports.

Large airports

Medium airports · 122

Photographs

Canada in pictures

Photographs from Wikimedia Commons, each credited to its author, with its licence.

Ottawa
Parliament Hill · Photo: David Samuel · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Toronto
Photo: Jchmrt · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Montreal
Saint Joseph's Oratory · Photo: Dpalma01 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Vancouver
Photo: Quintin Soloviev · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Québec
Montmorency Falls · Photo: Jean-Christophe BENOIST · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Calgary
Photo: Gorgo · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Guides

Our guides in Canada

Visas and entry

Entry rules depend on your passport and change often, so this page does not state them. Check the destination government's official immigration website, or ask our visa desk to check your case for you.

Ask our visa desk

Plan it

Plan a trip to Canada

Tell us where in Canada, when and who is travelling, and a person puts the flights, the stays and the rest into one quote.

Plan a trip to Canada All countries

Sources for this page

All sources and licences

GeoNames — Place data © GeoNames (geonames.org), CC BY 4.0.
OurAirports — Airport data from OurAirports (ourairports.com), public domain.
NASA POWER (Prediction Of Worldwide Energy Resources), Climatology API v2 — These data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) POWER Project funded through the NASA Earth Science/Applied Science Program.
Wikidata — Facts from Wikidata (wikidata.org), CC0.
Wikimedia Commons — Each photograph's author and licence are printed beside it.
Unicode CLDR 48.2.2 (cldr-json) — Unicode CLDR data, © Unicode, Inc., Unicode License v3.
Natural Earth v5.1.2, 1:10m admin-0 map units — Made with Natural Earth. Licence: Public domain
World Bank, World Development Indicators: Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL) — Population: World Bank, World Development Indicators (SP.POP.TOTL), CC BY 4.0.